AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment)

Nanocellulose Research Trends from Pineapple Plant Waste in Indonesia: Bibliometric Analysis Using VosViewer

Amelia Hariry — 2023-02-13

The application of sustainable industry is carried out by utilizing pineapple plant waste by bibliometric and exploratory descriptive analysis using VOSviewer 1.6.18 software using a database of Scopus-indexed journal publishers. This study aimed to determine research trends on the utilization of pineapple plantation industry waste for nanocellulose production in Indonesia. The Scopus database collected information regarding Nanocellulose Research Trends From Pineapple Plant Waste. To obtain search results, subject categories with titles, keywords, and abstract criteria from Nanocellulose Research Trends From Pineapple Plant Waste were used as a reference. Using VOSviewer, search result extraction was performed. The results of bibliometric mapping were then further evaluated. The findings of the bibliometric study demonstrate through network visualization, overlay visualization, and density visualization that nanocellulose research in Indonesia has increased over the past seven years, beginning in 2015.

The Effect of the Addition of Citrus Fruits Juice on The Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Sapodilla (Manikara zapota) Sliced Jam

Kesuma Sayuti — 2023-02-13

This study aims to determine the effect of various citrus fruit juices on the qualities of sliced sapodilla jam. Completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications. A (2% citric acid) served as the control, B (26% lime juice), C (26% lemon juice), and D (26% kaffir lime juice) were the treatments. The data were statistically examined using ANOVA and Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at the 5% significance level. The addition of citrus fruit juice had a substantial influence on the jam's folding test, total titrated acid, pH value, water content, ash content, total dissolved solids, total sugar, crude fiber, and vitamin C did not affect its water activity. According to the chemical features, the addition of lime juice as a source of citric acid resembles the characteristics of sheet jam made with pure citric acid more closely.

Characteristics of Indigenous Bacterial Isolates from Cocoa Plantations in Meko Village, Central Sulawesi, with Ability to Degrade Cellulose

Anak Agung Sagung Putri Risa Andriani — 2023-03-22

The characteristics of indigenous bacterial isolates in cocoa farms differ based on the study's location and methodology. More research is required to comprehend these bacterial isolates' diversity and features completely. This study intends to assess the cellulose-degrading capacity of bacterial isolates from cocoa plantations in Meko Village, Central Sulawesi. The shape of the bacterial colony, the shape of the colony's edge, elevation, colony size, color, and texture are considered during macroscopic morphological identification and microscopic morphological identification after gram stain. Afterward, gram stains the bacteria to determine the type of cell wall. Hydrolysis capacity was then identified macroscopically by observing colony shape, colony periphery, colony color, colony appearance and height, and hydrolysis capacity on media in a petri dish (HC). Upon microscopic examination of cell shape and bacterial wall type (Gram-positive and gram-negative). Based on the research findings and identification of bacteria capable of degrading cellulose in cocoa soil, it can be inferred that among the 28 examined isolates, six isolates have the greatest HC index values in KL62 isolates. In contrast, GL66, KL23, and KL62x isolates have medium HC index values.

Evaluation of the inland fisheries in Basrah Province during 2020-2021, Iraq

Abdul-Razak Mohamed — 2023-04-01

The purpose of the study was to provide up-to-date information on inland fisheries landings in Basrah province, Iraq. During 2020-2021, the species composition, species and total landings, and trends at six landing locations in the research region were assessed. There were seven species of cyprinids, three species of cichlids, three species of mullet, and two species of sparids and silurids. The foreign species C. carpio, tilapias species, and C. auratus dominated landings, accounting for 44.2% of the entire catch. In contrast, the highly prized native species (M. sharpeyi, L. xanthopterus, C. luteus, and A. grypus) accounted for just 12.4%. In 2020 and 2021, the total landings reached 2,427.78 t and 2,365.15 t, respectively, greater than the previous years since 2009. This is attributable to the frequency of alien species and the rise in fishing effort, as measured by the number of fishermen and fishing vessels. Improving inland fisheries requires enhancing the stocks of native species, minimizing the dissemination and impacts of some exotic species, and activating national regulations governing fishing, exploitation, and conservation of aquatic life from the fisheries management perspective.

Analysis of Caffeine Content of Robusta Coffee Powder from the Coffee Powder Industry in Pasaman Regency

Rahmatika — 2023-04-07

Determining the level of caffeine in coffee grounds is very important so that people can consume coffee in a safe amount. Based on SNI 01-7152-2006 the permitted dose of caffeine is 50-150 mg/day. This study aims to describe the level of caffeine in local coffee powder originating from coffee powder SMEs in Pasaman Regency. Coffee powder samples were taken from the two largest coffee powder SMEs in Pasaman Regency, namely Matahari coffee powder SMEs and Gunpas coffee powder SMEs. The caffeine content obtained in this study will be compared with the standard caffeine content according to SNI 013542-2004 which is 0.45-2.00% and SNI 01-7152-2006 which is the maximum limit for caffeine consumption per day of 50-150 mg/day. The method used in this research is UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The results of the analysis of caffeine levels in four samples per 1 gram of coffee powder are sample A 6.878 mg; sample B 6.855mg; sample C 6,674mg; sample D 7,688mg. In one cup of coffee, 4 grams of coffee powder is used, so that the caffeine content of coffee powder circulating in Pasaman Regency is still safe for consumption per day. In percentage units of caffeine content, based on the four samples analyzed, sample A is 0.687%; sample B 0.685%; sample C 0.667%; sample D 0.768%. The coffee caffeine content produced is following with the requirements of SNI 01-3542-2004.

Effect of Chrysanthemum Plants to Artificial Defoliation and Disbudding on Growth and Yield

I Gusti Made Arjana — 2023-04-09

The market outlook for chrysanthemum flowers is extremely optimistic, as domestic and international consumer demand has increased over the past five years. The development of chrysanthemum plants is anticipated to positively affect the region's employment opportunities, economic growth, and service sector growth. Along with the increasing intensity of chrysanthemum cultivation in various regions, more in-depth research on chrysanthemum flowers is required to improve quality and added value and utilize the potential of locally available resources that are simple for farmers to apply and have a significant impact on improvement. The majority of chrysanthemum cultivation business actors are small farmers. Chrysanthemum plant technology is distinct from other horticultural crops, requiring special maintenance such as Disbudding, adding artificial light, artificial Defoliation, and the erection of plant enforcement nets. The research method employs the Factorial Group Random Design. The first factor is artificial Defoliation including no defoliation, Defoliation at 30 dap (day after planting) , and Defoliation at 60 dap. The second factor is disbudding including no disbudding, disbudding at 60 dap, and disbudding at 90 dap. The results demonstrated that the interaction between artificial Defoliation and disbudding significantly affected flower stalk weight but did not affect other variables. The treatment of leaf defoliation had significant to very significant effects on all observed variables, except for the weight of flower stalks, which was unaffected. At the same time, the disbudding treatment significantly affects all observed variables. The interaction between leaf defoliation at 30 dap and disbudding at 60 dap resulted in the heaviest average flower stalk weight of 93.58 grams. Artificial Defoliation at 30 dap increased the yield of economically viable fresh flower weight by 8.09 percent compared to when Defoliation was not performed. The 60 dap Disbudding treatment increased the yield of fresh flower weight by 9.25% when compared to the control.

The Effect of Proportion Pulp and Albedo Yellow Kepok Bananas on the Characteristics of Sliced Jam with Various Concentrations of Sucrose

Vikri Furkhoni Iqbal — 2023-04-14

This research aimed to determine the effect of the proportion of pulp-albedo yellow kepok bananas and the concentration of sucrose on the characteristics of sliced jam. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors and three replications. Data analysis used ANOVA followed by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% confidence level. The first factor was the proportion of pulp and albedo of yellow kepok bananas (1:2 (A1), 1:1 (A2), 2:1 (A3)). The second factor is the concentration of sucrose (30% (B1), 45% (B2), and 60% (B3)). Parameters observed included moisture content, ash content, pH, total sugar, water activity (aw), total dissolved solids, hardness, and organoleptic analysis, including taste, scent, color, and texture. The treatment results of the proportion pulp-albedo yellow kepok banana and the sucrose concentration significantly affected the water content, ash content, total sugar, total dissolved solids, hardness, and organoleptic tests. Sliced jam with the proportion of pulp-albedo yellow kepok banana (2:1) and sucrose concentration (60%) was the best treatment with 44.16% water content, 1.18% ash content, pH 4.03, total sugar 33, 21%, water activity 0.828, total dissolved solids 50, hardness 31.93N and the taste is quite typical of banana, quite smelly of banana, quite yellow in the color of banana, and has a firm texture.

Investigating the Effect of Using Glyphosate on Microbial Soil in Sweet Corn Cultivation

Nguyen Thi Hong Tho — 2023-05-14

Glyphosate affects the activity of certain soil microbial. Depending on the soil type and concentration, Glyphosate will have different effects. The study determined the effect of Glyphosate on the microbial population and the effect of its different volumes on β-Glucosidase activity on Ultisol used in corn cultivation. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD), two factors with three replicates. The first factor was liming. The second element was Glyphosate at a dosage of 0, 5, 6, 7 L/ha. The study was conducted at the Department of Greenhouse Agriculture, Andalas University, from July to November 2022. The results showed that although there was no interaction and statistically significant between treatments for the total bacteria population. However, the treatment used lime and low volumes of Glyphosate gave the total bacteria population high density. β-Glucosidase, an enzyme produced from a specific type of bacteria in soil, decreased activity while combining lime treatment and Glyphosate, especially from the dosage at 6 L/ha, and had a statistically significant interaction between lime factor and herbicide after the second spray (p<0.05). In conclusion, Glyphosate and lime can alter and reduce microbial soil activity and number, particularly at high 6 and 7 L/ha volumes.

Substitution of fermented coffee skin in commercial feed on the growth of pigs aged 1-3 months

I Dewa Nyoman Sudita — 2023-05-15

Catur Kintamani Village is one of the village areas in Kintamani-Bangli District, besides its cool climate as an Arabica coffee producing area and has received a Geographical Indication Certificate (GIS). Several coffee processing companies have developed, one of which is UPP. Catur Paramita is a business unit of Subak Abian Kenjung Sari. The problem is that coffee skin waste has not been utilized which can disrupt the environment. One alternative solution to the problem is processing coffee husk waste through fermentation using local microorganism (LMO) probiotics from coffee husks for animal feed. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the appearance response of sows given fermented coffee husk waste as a substitute for commercial feed can affect the appearance of sows in the growth phase. The method used to achieve this goal is the experimental design method and the design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments, namely: Po (without coffee husk waste), P1 (5% substitution of coffee husk waste), and P2 (substitution of 10% coffee husk waste). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. The results showed a significant effect (P<0.05) substitution of fermented coffee husk waste in commercial feed on the growth of pigs aged 1-3 months. The greater the number of substitutions for coffee skin waste up to 10% (P2) had a significant effect (P<0.05) with an increase in body weight of 12.76 kg compared to without substitution (Po) only 7.89 kg and substitution of coffee skin waste 5% (P1) of 10.98 kg. Still, between P1 and Po the difference was not significantly (P>0.05). It can be concluded that substituting commercial feed with fermented coffee husk waste using local microorganisms (LMO) coffee skin as much as 10% significantly improves body weight gain at 1-3 months.

Carcass Quality, Production of Local Duck Meat and Edible Offals in Traditional Markets on Lombok and Sumbawa Islands

Tirta Ariana — 2023-05-16

Carcass and meat production of local male ducks can be used as indicators to assess carcass quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of carcasses, meat production and offal of male local ducks in traditional markets on the islands of Lombok and Sumbawa based on the Indonesian National Standard. The research material used 64 male local ducks aged 55-60 days with details of 36 coming from chicken slaughterhouses in Mataram City, 12 ducks from chicken slaughterhouses in West Lombok Regency, and 16 ducks from chicken slaughterhouses in Sumbawa Regency. Sampling of local male ducks from each sub-district was by using random sampling. The research data consisted of live weight, carcass weight, meat weight, carcass percentage, and offal percentage were analyzed using the Microsoft Excel program and SPSS version 16 software program regression correlation analysis. Data analysis showed that local male ducks slaughtered in traditional markets on the islands of Lombok and Sumbawa produced duck carcasses belonging to quality I as much as 51.16 ± 10.68% of the total sample, quality II as much as 37.71 ± 15.28% and quality III of 17.13 ± 6.85%. Pure local male duck meat products circulating in traditional markets on the islands of Lombok and Sumbawa are 43.96% and 44.82% respectively. Conclusion: Carcass quality and meat production of local male ducks in the traditional markets of the islands of Lombok and Sumbawa have met the Indonesian National Standard, namely live weight of 1,290 g, carcass percentage of 60.33%, and pure meat production of 44.25%.

Utilization of Livestock Waste as Biochar and Poschar to Increase Soil Organic Matter and Red Chili Yields

Yohanes Parlindungan Situmeang — 2023-05-16

This study examines the impact of biochar and poschar fertilisers derived from livestock manure on red chilli yields and soil organic matter variations. The results demonstrated that the interaction between biochar and poschar substantially affected the fresh chilli pod weight per plant and organic matter content. Applying biochar and poschar organic fertilisers derived from animal manure substantially influenced plant height, fresh fruit weight per plant, and soil organic matter. The interaction between cow manure and poschar from poultry manure produced the highest yield of chilli fruit weight per plant, or an increase of 323.88% compared to the absence of biochar and poschar. The organic matter content of the soil underwent a significant change, with the highest organic matter content resulting from the interaction between chicken biochar and chicken poschar, which increased by 143,00% compared to the control group.

Food Safety Study in Terms of Formaldehyde Content and Bacterial Contamination Levels of Cob Pindang Fish in Simo Gunung and Balong Sari Traditional Markets, West Surabaya

Nur Hanifah — 2023-05-16

Formalin is a food additive that has been banned by BPOM but can still be found in food products. This study aims to determine: 1) the food safety of pindang fish sold in traditional markets in West Surabaya in terms of formalin content and bacterial contamination; 2) the relationship between the hygienic conditions of traders and formalin content on the level of bacterial contamination; and 3) the bacterial growth patterns during room temperature storage of formalin-positive and formalin-negative tuna pindang fish. This is a cross-sectional study with a sampling technique of saturation. A qualitative formalin test was conducted using a formalin test instrument. The results indicated that 88.23% (15 of 17 samples) of cob pindang contained formalin and that 64.7% (11 of 17 samples) exceeded the SNI 2717: 2017 maximum limit for total microorganisms. There was a significant correlation between the level of bacterial contamination and the hygienic conditions of traders. There is no correlation between formalin concentration and bacterial contamination level. The pattern of bacterial proliferation did not differ between formalin-positive and negative cob pindang fish

Quality Evaluation of Frigate Mackarel Fish Pindang and Flying Fish Pindang from Fish Processing Centers in Kusamba Village, Klungkung Regency, Bali

I Gde Suranaya Pandit — 2023-05-16

Pindang is one of the traditional processed products derived from fish. Various types of fish can be processed into pindang, namely frigate mackerel fish, flying fish, sardinella, tuna, mackarel, cakalang and milkfish. Various types of fish cause various types of processing are carried out by the community and will eventually produce different quality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze the chemical, microbiological and organoleptic quality produced. Quality evaluation in comparative experimental research by comparing the quality of frigate mackarel fish pindang with flying fish. Parameters evaluated included chemical parameters, namely water content, salt content, histamine content, total volatile bases content, and trimethylamine content, microbiological parameters such as the number of bacteria, as well as organoleptic parameters including appearance, smell, texture, and taste. Based on the results of the study, the quality of frigate mackerel pindang with flying fish had significantly different qualities, especially in chemical assessment and organoleptic assessment.

Regional Leading Product Development Program of Wanagiri Taro Processing Group, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency

Luh Suriati — 2023-05-22

Development prospects and opportunities for processed foods derived from taro have recently increased. Taro crackers are one of the snack foods that are in high demand among consumers. The Taro Processing Group of Wanagiri Village, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency, formed in 2020 with ten members, participates in Regional Superior Product Development Programme activities. Partners have produced and marketed taro tubers processed into taro chips, but the process has not been exhaustive, and partners wish to increase the quantity and quality. As a result of their lack of knowledge in the fields of processing and effective business management, partners encounter difficulties in managing production and marketing. This activity aims to equip the Wanagiri Village Taro Processing Group with the skills and knowledge to manage local natural resources and the entrepreneurial mentality to capitalise on business opportunities related to Wanagiri Village conditions. The implementation method involves coaching, training, mentoring, and structured consultation on various partner-related issues. Regional Leading Product Development Programme Wanagiri Taro Processing Group, Sukasada District, Buleleng Regency, has yielded positive results. The Wanagiri Taro Processing Group increased its value and enhanced its living conditions. Regional Leading Product Development Programme application is possible. The community can assimilate up to 80% of knowledge regarding the processing of taro chips with varying flavours, product packaging, and marketing, which will aid in product development. In addition, comprehension exists regarding cultivating taro plants in the backyard, using taro processing waste as animal fodder, and business management. This activity should be performed continuously, along with assistance, so that the group can independently produce and sell taro snacks with various flavors.

The Sustainable Pig Nutrition by Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Copra Meal

Wantamas Jantasin — 2023-06-02

The sustainability of the pig industry can be improved through nutrition by increasing efficiency in an environmentally friendly environment. Alternative feed ingredients from agricultural waste or industrial by-products have attracted sustainable pig production systems. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sustainable pig nutrition by partially replacing soybean meal with copra meal. A total of 18 crossbred (L.Y.D.) growing female pigs were reared under three dietary treatments. Treatments were 1) corn-soybean meal diet (CON), 2) white copra meal, and 3) brown copra meal. The experimental results indicated no significant difference (P>0.05) in feed intake and weight gain for pigs fed the three experimental diets. However, pigs fed the white copra meal diet tended to have better feed intake than brown copra meal treatment. At week 2 of the experimental period, pigs fed copra meal diets had better feed efficiency than the CON diet (P<0.001). In conclusion, sustainable pig nutrition with copra meal may be used as an alternative for partial soybean meal in pig diets.

Factors Influencing Farmers' Decision to Participate in the RHL (Forest and Land Rehabilitation) Program in Lengkiti District, OKU Regency

Dina Oktavia — 2022-12-27

This research aims to determine what factors influence farmers' decisions to participate in Forest and Land Rehabilitation activities in Lengkiti District, OKU Regency. This study employed a survey approach of research. In this work, logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the independent variables: number of family members, land area, and workdays, significantly affected coffee growers' decisions to participate in the Forest and Land Rehabilitation (RHL) program.

Strategy for Developing Small Micro and Medium Enterprises of Culinary in Baturaja City, OKU Regency

Robi Vitergo — 2022-12-27

This study aims to examine internal and external elements in the development of Culinary MSMEs in Baturaja City, OKU Regency, to define the Culinary MSMEs' development plan to improve economic growth in Baturaja City, OKU Regency. This study employed the survey method of research. A SWOT analysis was utilized to analyze the data in this investigation. The study's findings reveal various internal and external aspects. Internal factors include strength, consumer service, promotional media, raw material availability, and labor. Weaknesses include a lack of ability to innovate products, a scarcity of development money, difficulties obtaining raw materials, and technological limits in the manufacturing process. In the meanwhile, external forces present opportunities: the consumer. According to the findings of the study, the development strategies used to develop culinary MSMEs in Baturaja City, OKU Regency are the SO Strategy (difference and development of quality-oriented products and the development of marketing or promotional strategies), the WO Strategy (development of more varied product designs and the development of production processes with the revitalization of more modern machines and equipment), and ST Strategy (a highly competitive product development with a characteristic load local, Credit policy with cheaper interest and simpler process and improvement of the quality of physical infrastructure as well), WT Strategy (Development of promotion to the market with more sophisticated media and Increased role of external institutions, associations of large entrepreneurs in the development of MSME businesses)

Increased Attractiveness and Shelf Life of Siamese Tangerines (Citrus Nobilis L.) Using Various Palmitic, Stearic, and Oleic Acid Emulsions and Mixtures

Ni Luh Putu Putri Setianingsih — 2023-01-11

Along with the growing number of people, the need for food is also growing. Citrus nobilis l is one of the many well-known fruits. Citrus nobilis L, both in its fresh and processed forms, is easily broken if it is not treated correctly. This study hopes to make things look better and save power simultaneously by coming up with different emulsions. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and a mix make the slurry. Organoleptic study of Citrus nobilis L., vitamin C content, water content, and identification of compounds using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Evaluation of organoleptic analysis test done by hedonic test (colour, smell, texture, taste, and general acceptance) and test scoring (colour, texture). A combination of palmitic, stearic, and oleic acids in an emulsion will make tangerine fruit look better and last longer. How vitamin C and water are measured and analyzed affects different emulsions. When citrus fruits are treated with palmitic, stearic, and oleic acid solutions, the lowest quality drops to 14.4851 mg of vitamin C per 100 grammes and 91.8401% water. The total amount of volatile compounds in fruit orange conjoined DL-Limonene has many different areas of volatile compounds in each treatment emulsion.

Analysis Of Entrepreneurial Spirit on The Success of Broiler Plasma Farmer in Gianyar District, Bali Province

I Gusti Agus Maha Putra Sanjaya — 2023-01-11

The growth in broiler chicken population is consistent with rising public demand for chicken and Bali's growing economy in the new normal period of Covid-19. The entrepreneurial spirit is critical to the advancement of the broiler industry. The purpose of this study is to examine: 1) the level of entrepreneurial spirit of farmers, 2) which indicators of entrepreneurial spirit and farmer characteristics have the most dominant influence on the success of broiler business, and 3) the influence of entrepreneurial spirit and farmer characteristics on the success of broiler business in Gianyar Regency, Bali Province. The study used a purposive sampling strategy, with simple random sampling on 40 farmers utilizing a standardized questionnaire to collect primary research data. Partial Least Squares was used to examine the data (PLS). The findings revealed that the majority of respondents had a strong entrepreneurial spirit. Breeders' entrepreneurial spirit is influenced by self-confidence, initiative, a desire for success, a leadership spirit, and likes, with liking challenges being the strongest indicator of this characteristic. While age, education, skills, quantity of chickens owned, and knowledge all impact the individual features of breeders. The most important reflecting indicator is the number of chickens owned.

Effect of incorporation of cardamom powder on physiochemical, sensory attributes, and shelf life of a cow and buffalo milk paneer

Bishal Thagunna — 2023-04-09

Paneer is a nutritious, delectable acid-heat-coagulated indigenous dairy product, but it has a short shelf life due to its high moisture content. However, herbs are known for their qualities as antioxidants, preservatives, and flavor enhancers. Therefore, the current study examined the quality parameters such as (titratable acidity, lactose, moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content, phenolic content, and sensory parameters) of herbal paneer produced by incorporating cardamom powder percentages in four different samples 0.15% with cow milk, 0.20% with cow milk, 0.15% with buffalo milk and 0.20% with buffalo milk and coded as (A, B, C, and D). The findings showed that the herbal paneer was superior in terms of organoleptic but had little to no impact on the paneer's proximate and physiochemical parameters. The herbal paneer samples slightly higher total phenolic content of buffalo milk paneer compared to the cow milk paneer. The 0.20% of cardamom with buffalo milk sample was effective overall. As a result, the study suggests that cardamom could be used to develop a novel functional dairy product with enhanced antioxidant properties and longer shelf life.