DOI : https://doi.org/10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1210

The Effectiveness of Weed Extracts as Biopesticides and the Frequency of Application Against Chrysanthemum Pests

A. A. S. P. R. Andriani (1), I Gusti Made Arjana (2), Ida Bagus Komang Mahardika (3), I Putu Diki Aditya Putra (4), Desak Nyoman Triyana (5)
(1) Agrotechnology Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Science, and Technology, Warmadewa University, Bali, Denpasar
(2) Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Science and Technology, Warmadewa University
(3) Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Science and Technology, Warmadewa University
(4) Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Science and Technology, Warmadewa University
(5) Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Science and Technology, Warmadewa University
Fulltext View | Download
How to cite (AJARCDE) :
Andriani, A. A. S. P. R., Arjana, I. G. M., Mahardika, I. B. K., Putra, I. P. D. A., & Triyana, D. N. (2026). The Effectiveness of Weed Extracts as Biopesticides and the Frequency of Application Against Chrysanthemum Pests. AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment), 10(3), 633–638. https://doi.org/10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1210
Citation Format :

The continued use of synthetic pesticides can negatively affect the environment, human health, and the sustainability of crop cultivation. Therefore, weed extracts as plant-based biopesticides offer an environmentally friendly alternative for controlling pests on chrysanthemum plants. This study aims to analyze the effects of the type of weed solution and application frequency on the growth, flower yield, and pest infestation levels of chrysanthemum plants. The study employed a nested randomized block design consisting of two factors: the type of weed solution, which included Chromolaena odorata L (A), Ageratum conyzoides L. (B), Euphorbia hirta L. (C), Isotoma longiflora (D), and Echinochloa crus-galli (E), and application frequency of 1 time (K1), 2 times (K2), and 3 times (K3). The observed variables included flower stalk length, flower stalk weight, flower diameter, fresh weight of marketable flowers, and the percentage of infected leaves. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by a BNT test at the 5% significance level. The results showed that the type of weed solution significantly affected flower stalk length, flower stalk weight, flower diameter, and fresh weight of marketable flowers, but not the number of infected leaves. The Isotoma longiflora extract treatment produced the best flower growth and quality, with a flower stalk length of 81.16 cm, a flower stalk weight of 50.44 g, a flower diameter of 4.63 cm, and an economic fresh flower weight of 44.73 g. The application frequency at 9 weeks after planting (K3) yielded the best results for nearly all observed parameters.


Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
SDG 13: Climate Action
SDG 15: Life on Land

[1] S. P. Nurhidayat, N. Rusdi, M. Ulinuhayani, B. Singgih, and B. Triono, “Goatweed Flower Extract (Ageratum conyzoides L.) as A Botanical Insecticide for Pest Control Crocidolomia binotalis Z.,” PLANTA Trop., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 115–126, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.18196/pt.v12i2.16425.

[2] A. R. Pintong, S. Ampawong, N. Komalamisra, P. Sriwichai, S. Popruk, and J. Ruangsittichai, “Insecticidal and histopathological effects of ageratum conyzoides weed extracts against dengue vector, aedes aegypti,” Insects, vol. 11, no. 4, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.3390/insects11040224.

[3] R. S. Astrakusuma and F. Fauziah, “Potensi Ekstrak Gulma Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides) dan Pegagan (Centella asiatica) sebagai Biopestisida Terhadap Hama Empoasca flavescens pada Tanaman Teh,” J. Sains Teh dan Kina, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 8–16, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.22302/pptk.jur.jstk.v3i1.182.

[4] A. Rahmah, “Effect of Extract Euphorbia hirta Linn. Against Leaf and Fruit Pests on Plants Cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn.),” Int. J. Environ. Agric. Biotechnol., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 121–126, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.22161/ijeab.82.11.

[5] M. Septiyanti, N. Fauziyah, R. Putri, and Y. Meliana, “Stability Study of Eugenol and Kitolod Extract ( Isotoma Longiflora ) Nanoemulsion Concentrate for Botanical Pesticide Application,” vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 6389–6397, 2020.

[6] T. Saha and S. Modi, “Extracts from Weed Plants a Better Resource for Biopesticides Formulation?: A Review,” vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 193–200, 2024, doi: 10.18805/ag.D-5659.Submitted.

[7] E. Septiono, “Efektivitas Babandotan ( Ageratum conyzoides L .) untuk Pengendalian Larva Spodoptera litura dan Plutella xylostella Effectiveness of Babandotan ( Ageratum conyzoides L .) to Control Larvae of Spodoptera litura and Plutella xylostella,” Lentera Bio, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 233–238, 2020.

[8] C. Panneerselvam, K. Murugan, K. Kovendan, P. M. Kumar, and J. Subramaniam, “Mosquito larvicidal and pupicidal activity of Euphorbia hirta Linn. (Family: Euphorbiaceae) and Bacillus sphaericus against Anopheles stephensi Liston. (Diptera: Culicidae). Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 102–109, Feb. 2013, doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60003-6.

[9] A. A. S. P. R. Andriani, I. G. M. Arjana, I. Bagus, and K. Mahardika, “Combination of Weed Solution and Concentrate to Control Thrips sp and Aphis sp Pests in Chrysanthemum Plants,” Asian J. Appl. Res. Community Dev. Empower., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 0–4, 2025.

[10] K. Untung, Pengantar Pestisida Nabati. Yogyakarta.: Gadjah Mada University Press, 2014.

[11] H. Hanudin and B. Marwoto, “Prospek Penggunaan Mikroba Antagonis sebagai Agens Pengendali Hayati Penyakit Utama pada Tanaman Hias dan Sayuran,” J. Penelit. dan Pengemb. Pertan., vol. 31, no. 1, 2012, doi: 10.21082/jp3.v31n1.2012.p%p.

[12] J. M. Renkema, K. Krey, S. Devkota, O. E. Liburd, and J. Funderburk, “Efficacy of insecticides for season-long control of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in winter strawberries in Florida,” Crop Prot., vol. 127, p. 104945, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2019.104945.

[13] A. Andriani, I. Arjana, I. Mahardika, M. Dede, and M. Todo, “The Effect of Weed Solution Type and Concentration to Control Aphid Pests in Chrysanthemum Plants,” AJARCDE (Asian J. Appl. Res. Community Dev. Empower., Jul. 2024, doi: 10.29165/ajarcde.v8i3.468.

[14] H. Arsyad, C. Komariah, and M. Hasan, “The Effect of Isotoma longiflora Leaves Extract to The Cornea Neovascularization of Wistar Rats Chemical Trauma Model,” J. Agromedicine Med. Sci., vol. 6, p. 92, May 2020, doi: 10.19184/ams.v6i2.6853.

[15] I. L. B. Pabuayon, J. J. B. Bicaldo, Z. A. Alemar, I. C. M. Pabuayon, and G. L. Ritchie, “Dynamics of source-sink relationships in crops under marginal environments,” Curr. Plant Biol., vol. 44, p. 100563, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100563.

[16] W. Hu et al., “The reduction in leaf area precedes that in photosynthesis under potassium deficiency: the importance of leaf anatomy.,” New Phytol., vol. 227, no. 6, pp. 1749–1763, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1111/nph.16644.

[17] W. J. Jo and J. H. Shin, “Effect of leaf-area management on tomato plant growth in greenhouses,” Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol., vol. 61, pp. 1–8, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s13580-020-00283-1.

[18] P. M. Ngegba, G. Cui, M. Z. Khalid, and G. Zhong, “Use of Botanical Pesticides in Agriculture as an Alternative to Synthetic Pesticides,” 2022. doi: 10.3390/agriculture12050600.

[19] P. A. Divekar et al., “Plant Secondary Metabolites as Defense Tools against Herbivores for Sustainable Crop Protection,” 2022. doi: 10.3390/ijms23052690.

[20] M. Qasim et al., “Impact of plant monoterpenes on insect pest management and insect-associated microbes,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 20, p. e39120, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39120.

[21] D. Kumar, “Sub-Lethal Effects of Insecticides on Growth and Reproduction of Insects,” J. Sci. Innov. Nat. Earth, vol. 6, pp. 34–38, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.59436/jsiane.v6i1.07.2583-2093.

[22] M. F. Ahmad et al., “Pesticides impacts on human health and the environment with their mechanisms of action and possible countermeasures.,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 7, p. e29128, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29128.

[23] M. M. Qaderi, A. B. Martel, and S. L. Dixon, “Environmental Factors Influence Plant Vascular System and Water Regulation.,” Plants (Basel, Switzerland), vol. 8, no. 3, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.3390/plants8030065.

[24] E. Hellmann, D. Ko, R. Ruonala, and Y. Helariutta, “Plant Vascular Tissues—Connecting Tissue Comes in All Shapes,” 2018. doi: 10.3390/plants7040109.

[25] B. Zhang et al., “Differential responses of leaf photosynthesis to insect and pathogen outbreaks: A global synthesis,” Sci. Total Environ., vol. 832, p. 155052, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155052.

[26] A. Cheaib and N. Killiny, “Photosynthesis Responses to the Infection with Plant Pathogens,” Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact., vol. 38, pp. 9–29, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.1094/MPMI-05-24-0052-CR.

[27] R. Chahal et al., “Ageratum conyzoides L. and Its Secondary Metabolites in the Management of Different Fungal Pathogens,” 2021. doi: 10.3390/molecules26102933.

[28] W. Khan, S. Jan, and R. Khan, “PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L.,” Lat. Am. Appl. Res. - An Int. J., vol. 51, pp. 139–144, May 2021, doi: 10.52292/j.laar.2021.719.

[29] R. Lahlali et al., “Biopesticides for a sustainable agriculture: Prospects and challenges in disease management,” Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol., vol. 142, p. 103096, 2026, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.103096.

[30] M. Han et al., “Plant Extracts as Biostimulant Agents: A Promising Strategy for Managing Environmental Stress in Sustainable Agriculture,” Phyton-International J. Exp. Bot., vol. 93, no. 9, pp. 2149–2166, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2024.054009.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.